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目的 了解初高中学生近视进展情况以及相关的影响因素 ,动态分析近视发展的原因。方法 通过定期体检及分发调查表的形式 ,调查了我市 8所中学在校患近视眼的学生 ,筛选出符合条件的调查对象 2 3 1 3名。结果 2 3 1 3名初高中生 3年中近视进展者 1 60 8名 ,占 69.5 2 %。随着年级的增加 ,其近视进展率逐年上升。高中生近视进展较明显 ,与初中生比较有非常显著性差异。近视进展度数在 -0 .75～ -1 .75D之间的占 76.3 6%。相关的影响因素中每日学习时间≥ 1 2h的 87.0 2 % ,经常连续学习超过 1 0 0分钟的 64.2 4% ,较少参加体育活动的 70 .60 % ,每日睡眠不足 8h的 42 .2 8%。结论 长时间持续近距离作业、缺乏体育锻炼、睡眠不足是引起青少年近视的主要原因。适当减轻学生的学习负担 ,加强体育锻炼是预防初高中学生近视进展的至关点。
Objective To understand the progress of myopia in junior and senior middle school students and related factors, and to analyze the causes of myopia development dynamically. Methods Through regular physical examination and distribution of questionnaires, 8 secondary schools in our city were investigated for myopia students, 2331 eligible subjects were screened out. Results 2 3 1 There were 1608 students of myopia in 3 junior high school students, accounting for 69.5%. With the increase of grade, the progress rate of myopia increased year by year. High school students myopia progress more obvious, compared with junior high school students have very significant differences. Myopia progress in the degree of -0 .75 ~ -1 .75 D accounted for 76.3 6%. Of the relevant factors, 87.0 2% of daily learning time ≥12 hours, 64.2% of continuous learning more than 100 minutes, 70.60% less participation in physical activity, 42.2 times daily sleep less than 8 hours 8%. Conclusions Long-term continuous short-distance operation, lack of physical exercise, lack of sleep is the main cause of juvenile myopia. Properly reduce the student’s learning burden, and strengthen physical activity is the key point to prevent the progress of myopia of high school students.