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目的通过无创手段定量评价我国北方3市健康人群心血管衰老进程,分析其心血管衰老规律。方法从沈阳、大连、北京3个城市,筛选临床健康居民855人,依据年龄分为4组,≤44岁组、45～59岁组、60～74岁组、≥75岁组。检测生活习惯、膳食、血压、心脏和颈动脉多谱勒超声、血生化、血尿常规、机体微炎症等同心血管功能状态密切相关的70余项指标,观察其随年龄的变化,计算心血管衰老生物学积分(CAS),定量评价3个城市健康人群心血管衰老规律。结果脉压(PP)、颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT)、颈动脉舒张期峰值血流速度(EDV)、二尖瓣环前壁 A 峰(MVAA)、二尖瓣环侧壁 E 峰(MVLE)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、总胆固醇(TC),计7项心血管结构功能相关指标与年龄明显相关(r 值分别为0.63、0.54、-0.41、0.45、-0.42、0.43、0.46,P 均<0.01)。由上述7项指标计算所得的 CAS 与年龄高度相关(r=0.85,P<0.05),同时45～59岁组 CAS 随增龄变化速率最大,同其他组差异有统计学意义(均 P<0.01)。结论 CAS 可作为定量评价心血管衰老的客观指标,健康人群随增龄心血管衰老速度可能并非恒定,45岁后心血管衰老明显加速,45～59岁可能是心血管衰老的关键阈值拐点。
Objective To quantitatively evaluate the cardiovascular aging process of healthy population in three cities of northern China by noninvasive means and analyze the regularity of cardiovascular aging. Methods A total of 855 clinically healthy residents were screened from 3 cities in Shenyang, Dalian and Beijing. They were divided into 4 groups according to their age, ≤44 years old, 45 ~ 59 years old, 60 ~ 74 years old, and ≥75 years old. More than 70 indexes, such as lifestyle, diet, blood pressure, heart and carotid artery Doppler ultrasound, blood biochemistry, hematuria, and body microinflammation, which are closely related to cardiovascular status, were measured to observe the change with age. Biological score (CAS), quantitative evaluation of cardiovascular health in three cities aging rules. Results PP, IMT, EDV, MVAA, mitral annular wall E-peak MVLE, FIB, TC, and 7 indexes of cardiovascular function were significantly correlated with age (r values were 0.63,0.54,0.41,0.45,0.42,0.43,0.46, P <0.01). The CAS calculated by the above seven indexes was highly correlated with age (r = 0.85, P <0.05), while CAS at 45-59 years old had the highest rate of change with age, with significant difference with other groups (P <0.01 ). Conclusions CAS can be used as an objective indicator for quantitative evaluation of cardiovascular aging. The rate of cardiovascular aging may not be constant in healthy population. After 45 years of age, cardiovascular aging is significantly accelerated. 45-59 years old may be the key threshold inflection point of cardiovascular aging.