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为明确湘西烟地翻压黑麦草作绿肥后烤烟减施氮量,采用大田试验,设计了减施氮量0%、10%、20%、30%等4个水平,研究了不同减施氮量对烤烟农艺性状、光合特性、经济性状和烟叶质量的影响。结果表明:翻压黑麦草作绿肥后,不同施氮量对烤烟农艺性状、干物质累积、叶面积指数、光合特性、经济性状以及烟叶物理特性、化学成分和评吸质量均有一定的影响。减施氮肥10%,烤烟农艺性状、干物质累积、叶面积指数和光合特性优于对照,与不减氮处理没有差异;其上等烟比例、产值高于对照和不减氮处理;其烟叶物理特性、化学成分协调性和评吸质量优于对照和不减氮处理。减施氮肥20%～30%,烟株农艺性状、经济性状和烟叶质量相对较差。翻压绿肥还田应根据绿肥种类和土壤肥力状况适当减少烤烟施氮量;湘西烟地翻压黑麦草作绿肥以减少施氮量10%为宜。
In order to clarify the reduction of nitrogen content of flue-cured tobacco with green manure after fertilizing the ryegrass in western Hunan, four levels of nitrogen reduction 0%, 10%, 20% and 30% were designed by field experiments. Effect of Amount on Agronomic Characters, Photosynthetic Characteristics, Economic Characters and Leaf Quality of Flue - cured Tobacco. The results showed that after fertilizing the green manure with different levels of ryegrass, nitrogen application rates had some effects on the agronomic characters, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, photosynthetic characteristics, economic traits and physical properties, chemical composition and smoking quality of tobacco leaves. Compared with the control, the agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index and photosynthetic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco were better than those of the control without any difference. Physical characteristics, chemical composition and quality of smoking better than the control and no nitrogen treatment. Nitrogen fertilizer 20% ~ 30%, tobacco plant agronomic traits, economic traits and tobacco quality is relatively poor. Turned green manure fertilizer should be based on the type of green manure and soil fertility conditions appropriate to reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer; flue-cured tobacco ryegrass in Western Hunan as a green manure to reduce nitrogen application rate of 10% is appropriate.