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目的:了解黔南地区3~6岁儿童牙齿酸蚀症的患病率及其影响因素。方法:2013年1~10月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法随机抽取黔南地区3~6岁儿童1 973名进行问卷调查、体格检查和牙齿酸蚀症筛查,计算牙齿酸蚀症患病率,并对与牙齿酸蚀症相关的因素进行单因素及多因素分析。结果:1 973名被调查3~6岁儿童中酸蚀症患者374名,总患病率18.95%。布依族儿童酸蚀症患病率分别与苗族、水族和汉族儿童比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示民族、酸性食物、婴儿期的喂养方式、碳酸饮料、睡前喝酸奶或酸性饮料、睡前含奶瓶及何时开始刷牙等为影响儿童患酸蚀症的危险因素(P<0.5);多因素分析表明民族(P=0.234)、酸性食物(P=0.017)、碳酸饮料(P=0.011)、睡前喝酸奶或酸性饮料(P=0.001)、睡前含奶瓶(P=0.025)及何时开始刷牙(P=0.247)为影响儿童患酸蚀症的独立危险因素,其中睡前喝酸奶或酸性饮料为最强的危险因素。结论:黔南地区3~6岁儿童牙齿酸蚀症患病率高于全国平均水平。影响儿童患酸蚀症的独立危险因素为民族、酸性食物、碳酸饮料、睡前喝酸奶或酸性饮料、睡前含奶瓶及何时开始刷牙。
Objective: To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of dental erosion in 3 ~ 6 years old children in Qiannan area. Methods: From January to October 2013, a total of 1 973 children from 3 to 6 years old in Qiannan area were randomly selected to carry out questionnaire survey, physical examination and dental erosion test to calculate the tooth erosion The prevalence of disease was also evaluated by one-factor and multivariate analysis of the factors associated with tooth erosion. Results: Among the 1 973 children aged 3 to 6 years, 374 were affected by acidosis, with a total prevalence of 18.95%. The prevalence of acid erosion in Buyi children was significantly lower than that in Miao, Shui and Han children, respectively (P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that ethnic, acidic foods, infant feeding patterns, carbonated beverages, yogurt or sour drink before going to bed, feeding bottles before bedtime, and when to start brushing were the risk factors affecting children with acidosis (P <0.5 ); Multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference between national (P = 0.234), acidic foods (P = 0.017), carbonated beverages (P = 0.011), yogurt or sour drink before bedtime ) And when brushing started (P = 0.247) were independent risk factors affecting children with acidosis. Among them, yogurt or acidic drink before going to bed was the strongest risk factor. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental erosion in children aged 3-6 years in Qiannan is higher than the national average. Independent risk factors affecting children with erosion were ethnic, acidic foods, carbonated beverages, yogurt or sour drinks before going to bed, feeding bottles before going to bed, and when to begin brushing.