“垮掉的一代”(BeatGeneration)是上个世纪四十年代末风行于美国的文学流派。这个流派没有统一的写作宗旨和组织形式,他们只隶属于一个落拓不羁、愤世嫉俗而又自甘沉沦的年轻文学群落。他们的出现并非孤立,而是映照了第二次世界大战之后西方社会普遍存在的失望、怀疑与迷惘的精神状况。1955年在旧金山的一次朗诵会上,美国现代派诗人金斯堡(Allen Ginsberg)朗诵了他的长诗《嚎叫》,获得了轰动性成功。这首疯狂的诗歌被点赞为具有里程碑意义,并以此奠定了金斯堡作为“垮掉的一代”不可替代的代表地位。从此之后,“垮掉的一代”的影响力再也不囿于文学圈内,它被理 BeatGeneration is a literary school popular in the United States in the late 1940s. The genre does not have a unified purpose and organization of writing. They belong to a young literary community that is uninhibited, cynical, and desolate. Their appearance was not isolated, but reflected the disappointment, suspicion and perplexed state of mind prevailing in Western society after the Second World War. At a reading in San Francisco in 1955, American modernist poet Allen Ginsberg recapitulated his poem Howl and achieved a sensational success. This crazy poem is praised as a landmark and as a result, Kingsburg is an irreplaceable representative of the “beaten generation.” Since then, the influence of the “Beat Generation” ceases to lie within the literary circle,