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目的:了解艾滋病高发地区学生家长对艾滋病知识的了解情况,探讨他们对受艾滋病影响儿童的态度及影响因素,为开展受艾滋病影响儿童学校关爱与支持工作提供科学依据。方法:采取多级随机抽样方法,根据当地艾滋病疫情程度进行不同分层整群抽样,于2009年7月至2010年3月选取云南、河南2个地区小学、初中和高中学生的家长1108名进行自填式匿名问卷调查。结果:不同地区、性别、文化程度家长对受艾滋病影响儿童态度的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);家长态度与非传播途径知识、传播途径知识、预防知识、常识得分呈正相关(P<0.01);与男性家长相比,女性态度更易趋于负向;与河南家长比较,云南家长态度趋于负向;与初中及以下文化程度相比,文化程度越高态度越趋于负向;非传播途径知识、预防知识、常识得分越高者,态度越趋于正向。结论:学生家长艾滋病知识有待提高,家长性别、文化程度,以及缺乏艾滋病非传播途径知识、预防知识和常识是影响家长对受艾滋病影响儿童歧视态度的因素。
Objectives: To understand the parents’ knowledge of HIV / AIDS in high incidence areas, discuss their attitudes and influencing factors on HIV / AIDS-affected children and provide a scientific basis for their care and support in schools affected by HIV / AIDS. Methods: A multistage random sampling method was used to carry out different stratified sampling according to the level of local AIDS epidemic. From July 2009 to March 2010, 1108 parents of primary, middle and high school students in two districts of Yunnan and Henan were selected Self-contained anonymous questionnaire. Results: There was a significant difference in attitudes of parents to AIDS-affected children in different regions, sex and educational level (P <0.05). Parental attitudes were positively correlated with knowledge of non-transmission route, knowledge of route of transmission, prevention knowledge and common sense scores (P < 0.01). Compared with male parents, female attitudes tend to be more negative than parents of Henan. Parents in Yunnan tend to be more negative than parents in Henan. Compared with junior high school and below, the attitude toward higher education tends to be negative. Non-transmission of knowledge, prevention knowledge, common sense score higher, the attitude tends to be more positive. Conclusion: Knowledge of parents’ HIV / AIDS needs to be improved, parents’ gender, educational level, lack of knowledge of HIV transmission, prevention of HIV / AIDS and common sense are the factors influencing parents’ attitudes toward children affected by HIV / AIDS.