孢粉相是反映一定沉积物以及成岩作用环境的显微沉积有机质组合。对我国河南泌阳凹陷下第三系核桃园组核三上段至核二段湖相碳酸盐岩系孢粉相进行了详细研究。基于有机质组分的鉴定和统计将碳酸盐岩系划分为五个孢粉相带；并利用孢粉相结合有机质成熟度地化指标，对其生油潜能进行了评价。 Sporopollen is a combination of micro-sedimentary organic matter that reflects certain sediments and diagenetic environments. The pollen facies of the lacustrine carbonate facies in the upper third to the second nuclei of the Lower Tertiary Hetaoyuan Formation in Biyang Depression of China were studied in detail. Based on the identification and statistics of organic components, the carbonate rocks are divided into five sporopollen facies belts. The potential of oil generation is evaluated by using the sporopollen in combination with the index of maturity of organic matter.