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通过将普通玉米与四倍体多年生玉米大量杂交,获得一株部分可育三倍体植株MT-71,为外源遗传物质在普通玉米的导入创造新种质。MT-71杂交结实率分别为3X/2X=7.84%,2X/3X=0.56%,3X/4X=0.52%,开放授粉结实率为1.18%;其花粉母细胞(PMC)染色体平均构型为2.30Ⅰ+3.72Ⅱ+6.49Ⅲ+0.23Ⅳ;3X/2X后代植株染色体几乎包括所有2n=20~30染色体数目,2X/3X和开放授粉后代中染色体数目仅有2n=20,21。结果表明,MT-71可产生有功能的雌雄配子,其中n=10,11的配子更易遗传;雌配子体对额外染色体的传递能力显著高于雄配子体,异源三倍体最有效的遗传方式为3X/2X。
By crossing a large number of common maize and tetraploid perennial maize, a partially fertile triploid plant MT-71 was obtained and a new germplasm was created for introduction of exogenous genetic material into common maize. The seed setting rate of MT-71 hybridization was 3X / 2X = 7.84%, 2X / 3X = 0.56%, 3X / 4X = 0.52%, and the open pollination rate was 1.18%. The average chromosome configuration of pollen mother cells (PMC) Ⅰ + 3.72Ⅱ + 6.49Ⅲ + 0.23Ⅳ. The chromosomes of 3X / 2X progeny included almost all 2n = 20-30 chromosomes, while 2X / 3X and open pollinated progeny had only 2n = 20,21. The results showed that MT-71 could produce functional male and female gametes, in which gametes with n = 10 and 11 were easier to inherit. Female gametophytes had more ability to transfer extra chromosomes than male gametes. The most effective hereditary mode of allo-triploid was 3X / 2X.