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(一)引言由于60年代初激光的发明以及70年代初低损耗光纤的制出,因而掀起了光纤通讯研究的世界性热潮,几乎每年都有有关这一研究领域的大型国际会议的召开,各个国家都迅速组织成功这方面的研究队伍,投入大量人力物力,争取这一新技术在本国得到迅速应用与推广,建立这方面的生产工业。由70年代初算起到目前大约不过15年上下、光纤通讯已进入大规模应用时期,已形成一个新兴的重要工业生产部门,一项新技术在这样短的时期中发展到大规模应用,影响这样宽广,并且新的应用与研究领域正在迅速开展,这种情况在技术发展历史上是少见的。
I. Introduction Since the invention of the laser in the early 1960s and the production of low-loss optical fiber in the early 1970s, there has been a worldwide upsurge in the research of optical fiber communications. Almost every year there are large-scale international conferences on this field of research All countries quickly organized successful research teams in this field and devoted a great deal of manpower and material resources to gain rapid application and promotion of this new technology in their own countries and to establish a production industry in this regard. From the beginning of the 1970s to the present about 15 years ago, optical communications has entered a period of large-scale application. It has formed a new and important industrial production department. A new technology has been developed to a large-scale application in such a short period of time, affecting This is broad and new applications and research areas are rapidly underway, a situation that is rare in the history of technology development.