我国从计划经济体制向市场经济体制转轨是一个渐进过程。非国有企业的进入、市场竞争程度的增加和政府实施的市场导向激励方式，对改善国有企业绩效和创造持续稳定的经济增长起到了推动作用。但同时，国有企业的亏损额和亏损面也出现了大幅度增加，从８０年代的平均值４５亿元 China's transition from a planned economy to a market economy is a gradual process. The entry of non-state-owned enterprises, the increase of market competition and the market-oriented incentive measures implemented by the government have played a catalytic role in improving the performance of state-owned enterprises and in creating sustained and steady economic growth. However, at the same time, the losses and losses of state-owned enterprises also increased sharply, from the average of 4.5 billion yuan in the 1980s