《诗经·小雅·无羊》携牧人走进了人们的视野,随后的两千多年里牧童不断出现在各类诗词中,并被赋予不同的意象。考稽史料文献,不难发现牧童诗歌在不同历史时期出现的频率有很大差别。本文将从农史学科的角度来考察解释这一现象,并指出牧童诗歌的整体发展过程与铁犁牛耕在小农家庭的应用情况有着十分密切的联系。 “The Book of Songs, Xiaoya, No Sheep” brought the shepherd into the field of vision. Afterwards, the shepherds appeared in various poems for more than two thousand years and were given different images. It is not difficult to find that there are great differences in the frequencies of the shepherd’s poetry appearing in different historical periods. This article will examine and explain this phenomenon from the perspective of agricultural history and point out that the overall development of the poems of the cowboy children is closely related to the application of iron plow cattle farming in small-scale peasant families.