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目的了解广州市鼠疫宿主动物及媒介的种群构成及数量分布情况,为鼠疫防治工作积累基础资料。方法采用夜笼法。对捕获鼠类及捡获蚤类进行鉴定,并计算鼠密度、鼠带(染)蚤率和蚤指数;用鼠疫IHA法检测鼠疫F1抗体。结果捕获鼠形动物1601只,分属2目2科4属7种。其中啮齿目动物1451只,食虫目动物150只,总鼠密度(捕获率)为12.09%,鼠密度(捕获率)为11.50%;在242只鼠形动物中发现染蚤鼠46只,捡获蚤92匹,鼠体表蚤经鉴定为印鼠客蚤、猫栉首蚤、缓慢细蚤、适存病蚤;鼠染蚤率为19.01%,总蚤指数为0.38;黄胸鼠蚤指数为0.63;未查出鼠疫F1抗体。结论褐家鼠仍是广州市主要鼠种。主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤。未发现鼠间鼠疫流行迹象。
Objective To understand the population composition and quantity distribution of plague host animals and vectors in Guangzhou and to accumulate basic data for the prevention and control of plague. Method using night cage method. The capture of rodents and fleas were identified and the density of rodents, flea rate and flea index were calculated. The F1 antibody against plague was detected by the plague IHA method. Results 1601 mouse-shaped animals were captured, belonging to 2 orders, 2 families, 4 genera and 7 species. Among them, there were 1451 rodents and 150 carnivores, the total rodent density (capture rate) was 12.09% and the rat density (capture rate) was 11.50%. In 242 rats, 46 fleas were found, picking up 92 fleas were obtained. The fleas were identified as fleas, cats fleas, slow fleas, and conformal fleas. The flea flea rate was 19.01% and the total flea index was 0.38. The flea index 0.63; did not detect the plague F1 antibody. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus is still the main mouse species in Guangzhou. The main flea species are rat and rat fleas. No sign of plague epidemics in rats was found.