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目的了解临沂市兰山区城区中小学生常见病患病状况,为防治工作提供科学依据。方法按照卫生部《学校卫生情况年报表填表说明及技术规范要求》,对临沂市兰山区城区16 304名中小学生的视力、龋齿、沙眼、身高、体重进行检查,并对检查结果做进一步分析。结果城区中小学生视力低下率、龋患率、沙眼患病率、营养不良率、肥胖率分别为37.71%、45.57%、1.74%、23.68%、5.66%;中学生视力低下率、沙眼患病率、营养不良率均高于小学生,差异有统计学意义(χ2=185.25、15.17、23.44,P<0.01);女生视力低下率、龋患率、营养不良率均高于男生(χ2=314.72、23.46、14.89,P<0.01)。结论此次调查表明临沂市兰山区城区常见病发病形势不容乐观,龋齿、视力不良、营养不良成为学生常见病防治重点,城区女生的视力不良率、龋患率、营养不良率均高于男生,学校及有关部门更应关注女生的健康状况。
Objective To understand the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Lanshan District of Linyi City and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control work. Methods According to the Ministry of Health ’s “School Sanitation Annual Report Filling Instructions and Technical Specifications”, 16 304 primary and secondary school students in Lanshan District of Linyi City were assessed for visual acuity, dental caries, trachoma, height and weight, and the results were further analyzed . Results The prevalence of vision loss, caries prevalence, prevalence of trachoma, malnutrition rate and obesity rate were 37.71%, 45.57%, 1.74%, 23.68% and 5.66% respectively in primary and secondary school students in urban area. The prevalence of poor eyesight, trachoma, (Χ2 = 185.25,15.17,23.44, P <0.01). The prevalence of vision loss, dental caries and malnutrition in girls were higher than those in boys (χ2 = 314.72,23.46,14.89, P <0.01). Conclusions The survey shows that the prevalence of common diseases in Lanshan District of Linyi City is not optimistic. Dental caries, poor eyesight and malnutrition have become the focus of prevention and treatment of common diseases. The rate of poor eyesight, caries and malnutrition among urban girls are higher than those of boys and girls And the relevant departments should pay more attention to the health status of girls.