一、前言金属腐蚀是一种从表面开始的化学物理破坏现象。因此,在研究金属腐蚀问题时,对腐蚀试样或腐蚀破损的设备进行认真的腐蚀形貌观察和记录是十分重要的。从表面观察结果可以得到为分析和解决腐蚀问题所需要的许多有用资料。有些腐蚀破损形态仅需通过肉眼直觉的观察即可加以鉴别,如全面腐蚀,斑状腐蚀。溃疡腐蚀和点蚀等;有时需借助放大镜或显微镜,如品间腐蚀和腐蚀开裂等。有些观察结果本身就是腐蚀破损的一种度量,如产生第一个腐蚀斑点的时间、腐蚀点的密度等。腐蚀形貌及其随时间变化的观察结果和记录是分析腐蚀破损原因不可缺少的重要资料,如海生物的附着时间、种类、位置和数量、腐蚀产物的层次、颜色、质地和附着牢度;腐蚀破损的形态、大小和位置等等,都与腐蚀破损原因、 I. Introduction Metal corrosion is a kind of chemical and physical damage from the surface. Therefore, it is important to carefully observe the corrosion morphology and record the corroded specimen or corroded equipment when studying the problem of metal corrosion. From the surface observations can be obtained for the analysis and resolution of corrosion problems required many useful information. Some forms of corrosive damage need only be identified by the naked eye’s intuition, such as complete corrosion, patchy corrosion. Ulcer corrosion and pitting; sometimes need to use a magnifying glass or microscope, such as intergranular corrosion and corrosion cracking. Some observations are themselves a measure of corrosion damage, such as the time of the first corrosive spot, the density of the corrosive spots, and so on. Corrosion morphology and its changes over time observations and records are indispensable for the analysis of the causes of corrosion damage important information, such as the time of attachment of marine organisms, species, location and number of corrosion products, color, texture and adhesion fastness; Corrosion damage the shape, size and location, etc., are corrosive and damaged,