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本文介绍用水滴来演示带电粒子在静电场中的运动情况以及演示带有电荷的水滴的一些物理特性,该演示实验效果好、现象明显。装置简单,操作方便。实验装置如图1所示,取一只装有有机玻璃柄的金属漏斗,将其固定在铁支座上,在漏斗的下端套一根橡皮管,再将一根带有尖嘴(直径约为1毫米)的玻璃管插入橡皮管,在橡皮管外装有螺丝夹子(用来调节从玻璃管尖嘴落下的水滴的速度),再将两块装有有机玻璃柄的铝圆板分别固定在两只铁支座上,它们位于玻璃管尖嘴下的两侧,使从玻璃管尖嘴落下的水滴正好在两铝板的中间。
This article describes the use of water droplets to demonstrate the movement of charged particles in an electrostatic field and to demonstrate some of the physical characteristics of charged water droplets. The demonstration experiment is effective and phenomenal. The device is simple and easy to operate. The experimental device is shown in Fig. 1. Take a metal funnel with an organic glass handle and fix it on an iron support. Put a rubber tube on the lower end of the funnel, and then add a tip (a diameter of about Insert a rubber tube into a glass tube of 1 mm), install a screw clip outside the tube (used to adjust the speed of the water drop from the tip of the glass tube), and then fix the two aluminum disks with the plexiglass handle On the two iron supports, they are located on both sides under the tip of the glass tube, so that the drops of water falling from the glass tube tip are exactly in the middle of the two aluminum plates.