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目的:探讨髓样细胞触发受体(triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells，TREMs)在新生大鼠脑室周围白质软化(periventricular leukomalacia，PVL)模型中的表达情况。方法:32只3日龄新生大鼠采用双盲法随机分为对照组(Sham组)和模型组(Model组)，经右颈动脉结扎及术后缺氧建立PVL模型，采用苏木精-伊红染色(HE)法比较两组大鼠脑组织病理改变，免疫荧光(immunofluorescence，IF)法检测大鼠右侧半脑脑组织髓鞘碱性蛋白(myline basic protein，MBP)表达，免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测右侧半脑脑组织TREM1和TREM2的表达。结果:HE染色结果表明Model组脑组织较Sham组损伤明显，免疫荧光显示Model组大鼠MBP平均光密度(26.629±2.317)明显低于Sham组(33.579±2.824)，差异具有统计学意义(n t＝9.124，n P<0.05)。Model组TREM1蛋白相对表达量(0.789±0.120)明显高于Sham组(0.567±0.093)，差异具有统计学意义(n t＝－3.891，n P<0.05)，Model组TREM2蛋白相对表达量(0.544±0.133)明显低于Sham组(0.791±0.118)，差异有统计学意义(n t＝3.667，n P<0.05)。n 结论:TREM1和TREM2在新生大鼠脑室周围白质软化模型中表达量发生异常变化，提示TREMs可能参与早产儿脑白质损伤病理过程。“,”Objective:To investigate the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells(TREMs)in periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) of the neonatal rat model.Methods:Thirty-two 3-day-old neonatal rats were double-blinded randomly divided into Sham group and Model group.The PVL rat model was established by ligating right carotid artery and oxygen deprivation.Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) was adopted to compare pathological changes of brain tissue between the two groups, and immunofluorescence was adopted to detect the expression of myline basic protein (MBP) in the right hemisphere of the two groups.Western blot was performed to detect the expression of TREM1 and TREM2 in the right hemisphere of the two groups.Results:The results of HE staining showed that the brain tissues of Model group were significantly damaged compared with that of Sham group, and the mean fluorescence intensity of MBP in Model group(26.629±2.317) was significantly lower than that in Sham group(33.579±2.824), with statistically significant differences(n t=9.124, n P<0.05). The expression of TREM1 in Model group(0.789 ±0.120) was higher than that in Sham group(0.567±0.093), with statistically significant differences(n t=-3.891, n P<0.05). The expression of TREM2 in Model group(0.544±0.133) was lower than that in Sham group(0.791±0.118), with statistically significant differences(n t=3.667, n P<0.05).n Conclusion:The expressions of TREM1 and TREM2 in the neonatal rat model of PVL change abnormally, suggesting that TREMs may be involved in the pathological process of preterm white matter injury.