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通过室内试验测定长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫胞囊的寄生和致死作用.结果表明:不同浓度(1.5×105~1.5×107cfu·mL-1)长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对小麦禾谷胞囊线虫胞囊具有明显的寄生和致死作用,并且不同浓度的长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液之间存在显著差异.第18天浓度为1.5×107cfu·mL-1的长枝木霉分生孢子悬浮液对胞囊的寄生率为96.7%,第22天对胞囊孵化的相对抑制率为91.2%.显微观察表明,侵染初期长枝木霉分生孢子附着在胞囊体表,并且萌发产生大量的菌丝寄生于胞囊体表,使胞囊胚胎发育停止和内容物凝集,甚至有的胞囊出现畸形和表面形成深褐色的小液泡.侵染后期大量菌丝穿透胞囊体表,胞囊破裂,内容物外渗,有的胞囊体表菌丝形成分生孢子梗,其上着生卵圆形的分生孢子.表明长枝木霉可作为一种高效的生防制剂防治小麦禾谷胞囊线虫的发生与危害.
The parasitism and lethal effect of Trichoderma longibrachiatum conidia suspension on cyst nematode cyst of wheat were determined by laboratory experiments.The results showed that Trichoderma longibrachiatum Trichoderma viride at different concentrations (1.5 × 105 ~ 1.5 × 107cfu · mL-1) The conidial suspension had obvious parasitic and lethal effects on the wheat cyst nematode cysts, and there was a significant difference between the different concentrations of Trichoderma longibrachiatum conidia suspension on the 18th day with the concentration of 1.5 × 107cfu · The parasitism rate of the Trichoderma longibrachiatum conidia suspension was 96.7% and the relative inhibition rate of the cyst hatch was 91.2% on the 22nd day.The microscopic observation showed that Trichoderma longibrachiatum Conidia attached to the surface of the capsule, and germination of a large number of mycelium parasitic on the surface of the capsule, so that the development of cyst embryos and the contents of the coagulation stop, and even the cyst deformity and the formation of dark brown small vacuoles A large number of hyphae in the late stage of infection penetrated the surface of cyst body, cyst ruptured, the contents of extravasation, and some cyst surface mycelium conidiophores formed on the oval conidia. Tricholoma giganteum can be used as a highly effective biocontrol agent to control the occurrence and risk of wheat cyst nematode .