一、概述激光技术的成功被认为是本世纪最重大的四项科学成果之一(即原子能、半导体、计算机、激光)。二十多年来激光技术发展之快,在各项科学技术中是名列前矛的。它使古老的光学、光谱学等学科焕发了青春。此外,还与化学、生物学、电子学等结合、形成一系列新的边缘学科。目前全世界已生产了上千种型号的激光器,并且研制了核泵浦X射线激光器、气动激光器、高功率化学激光器、准分子激光器、自由电子激光器等新品种;在远红外、近红外、可 I. Overview The success of laser technology is considered to be one of the most significant four scientific achievements of this century (ie atomic energy, semiconductors, computers, lasers). Laser technology in more than two decades of rapid development, in various science and technology is the top spear. It makes ancient optics, spectroscopy and other disciplines full of youth. In addition, with chemistry, biology, electronics and so on, to form a series of new marginal disciplines. At present, thousands of types of lasers have been produced all over the world and new types of nuclear pumped X-ray lasers, pneumatic lasers, high-power chemical lasers, excimer lasers and free electron lasers have been developed. In far infrared, near infrared,