论文部分内容阅读
栽培大豆和野生半野生大豆杂交后代的蔓生倒伏性是利用野生、半野生资源的主要障碍之一。本试验以二个G. max×G. soja组合和一个G. max×G. gracilis组合的F_1代为待改良群体,分别与不同结荚习性的三个G. max品种回交,对9个回交一代(BF_1)的株高、茎粗和蔓生倒伏性作了分析比较,结果如下: 1.BF_1代株高分离下限受回交亲本(栽培大豆)的结荚习性的影响明显,分离上限受待改良群体(F_1杂种)的影响大。用有限性和亚有限性品种回交对降低后代株高效果较用无限性品种明显得多。 2.茎粗受双亲影响。F_2代半野生组合的茎粗较大。以栽培大豆,特别是有限性,亚有限性品种作回交亲本,增加茎粗明显,尤其表现在茎下部的茎粗上。 3.种间杂种用栽培大豆回交后,缠绕蔓生性减弱,以有限性和亚有限性品种回交, 直立性获得明显改进,半野生组合再用有限性、亚有限品种回交,BF_1代可出现接近直立类型单株。 4.直立性表现受株高、茎粗的综合影响。从种间杂交后代的直立性考虑,杂交和回交时,以有限和亚有限、粗杆类型或早熟类型作亲本或回交亲本,后代直立性较好。这种直立性的改进有利于种间杂种利用,但如何与高蛋白和丰产性结合,尚待继续深入研究。
One of the main obstacles to the utilization of wild and semi-wild resources is the lodging resistance of the cross between offspring of cultivated soybean and wild semi-wild soybean. In this study, F_1 generation of two combinations of G. max × G. soja and one G. max × G. gracilis was selected as the improved group and backcrossed to three G. max varieties with different pod habit respectively. The results showed as follows: 1. The lower limit of high plant segregation of BF 1 was significantly affected by the pod habit of the backcrossing parent (cultivated soybean), the upper limit of separation was The impact of the improved group (F_1 hybrids) is great. Backcrossing with limited and sub-limited varieties was significantly more effective in reducing offspring plant height than with unlimited varieties. Stem coarse affected by the parents. F_2 on behalf of the semi-wild combination of larger stem diameter. In order to cultivate soybean, especially limited, sub-limited varieties for backcrossing parent, increased stem diameter significantly, especially in the lower part of the stem diameter. After backcrossing of cultivated soybean, interspecific hybridization was weakened, backfilled with limited and sub-limited varieties, the erectness was improved obviously, the semi-wild combination was reused limitedly, the sub-limited varieties were backcrossed, BF_1 Proximal upright type plants may appear. 4. Upright performance by the plant height, stem diameter of the comprehensive impact. Considering the uprightness of interspecific hybrids, the progeny of offspring were better offspring with the limited and sub-limited, rough-stem or precocious types as their parents or backcrossing parents. This upright improvement is conducive to the use of interspecific hybrids, but how to combine with high protein and high yield remains to be further studied.