单肺通气是防止术侧肺分泌物或血液进入健侧肺,术中支气管导管只利用一侧肺(非手术侧)进行通气的方法,可确保气道通畅及防止双肺交叉感染,同时为手术创造良好的视野条件。目前随着胸外科手术的发展,单肺通气技术的提高和纤维支气管镜的普及,单肺通气这项技术在小儿中的应用越来越广泛,甚至应用在婴幼儿和新生儿胸科手术中~([1])。目前小儿单肺通气的技术主要有4种:单腔支气管 One-lung ventilation is to prevent the operation side of lung secretions or blood into the contralateral lung, intraoperative bronchial catheters use only one side of the lung (non-surgical side) for ventilation, to ensure airway patency and prevent cross-infection of both lungs, while Surgery to create a good vision conditions. With the development of thoracic surgery, the improvement of single lung ventilation technique and the popularity of fiberoptic bronchoscopy, the technique of single lung ventilation is more and more widely used in children and even in infants and neonates in thoracic surgery ~ ([1]). The current single-lung ventilation in children there are four main types: single-lumen bronchus