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笔者基于知识生产函数,利用2004年~2010年省际面板数据,研究了中国对外直接投资逆向技术溢出对国内创新能力的影响。结果表明,对外直接投资对以专利授权数量为表征的国内创新能力产生了一定的促进作用,但主要表现在创新水平较低的外观设计和实用新型专利方面。对创新水平较高的发明专利的影响则表现出明显的区域差异性:对外直接投资对东部地区以发明专利为表征的国内创新能力具有显著的提升作用,但对中、西部地区及全国平均而言,对外直接投资对以发明专利为表征的国内创新水平则并无显著影响。三大区域在对外直接投资规模、投资主体类型及投资动机以及自主研发投入水平等方面的不同,是导致这一差异的重要原因。
Based on the knowledge production function, the author uses the provincial panel data from 2004 to 2010 to study the impact of reverse technology spillover on China’s domestic innovation ability. The results show that OFDI has played a certain role in promoting domestic innovation capability characterized by the number of patent licenses, but mainly in the aspects of design patents and utility model patents with low innovation level. The impact on the invention patents with higher level of innovation shows obvious regional differences: Outward FDI plays a significant role in enhancing the domestic innovation capability characterized by invention patents in the eastern region. However, for the central and western regions and the national average, In other words, OFDI has no significant effect on the level of domestic innovation characterized by invention patents. The differences among the three regions in terms of the scale of FDI, the types of investment entities and their motives for investment and the level of R & D investment are the important reasons for this difference.