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虚拟现实技术是以沉浸性、交互性为特点的、允许用户探索和操作计算机模拟的三维环境的新兴技术，近年来在骨科住院医师规范化培训中的应用已经相当广泛，涵盖了骨科教学从手术模拟、关节镜模拟、手术入路设计等各个方面。而其衍生技术主要包括了增强现实技术与混合现实技术，同样在骨科住院医师规范化培训的应用中显示出巨大的前景。本文主要针对虚拟现实技术、增强现实技术和混合现实技术在骨科住院医师规范化培训中的应用进行了总结和思考。“,”Virtual reality is a rapidly developing technology characterized by immersive interaction that allows users to explore and manipulate computer-simulated three-dimensional environments. Its application in standardized training of orthopedist has been quite extensive, covering surgical simulation, arthroscopic simulation, surgical approach design and so on. Nowadays, its derivative technologies mainly included augmented reality and mixed reality technologies, which showed great prospects in the application of standardized training of orthopedist. This paper briefly summarized the application of virtual reality augmented reality and mixed reality in standardized training of orthopedist.