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1985年,美国得克萨斯州报道,A高中1名15岁学生于4月26日发现皮疹,5月2 日用ELISA诊断为麻疹;B初中又报告两例麻疹。3个月共报告了157例麻疹。A、B两校患病率分别为0.3%(5/1796)和1.8%(21/1141)。作者于首例病人确诊后两天调查了两校学生的免疫状况,取血标本1806份,用ELISA检测了麻疹特异性抗体。两个学校中有99%以上的学生接种过麻疹活疫苗,41%(74/1806)的人血清抗体阴性,其中73例有接种记录。43名(58%)接种
In 1985, the United States of Texas reported that a 15-year-old high school A patient had a rash on April 26, an measles measurable by ELISA on May 2 and two measles cases in her junior high B. A total of 157 measles cases were reported in three months. The prevalence rates of A and B were 0.3% (5/1796) and 1.8% (21/1141) respectively. Two days after the first patient was diagnosed, the authors investigated the immunological status of the two schools of students, taking 1806 blood samples and testing measles-specific antibodies by ELISA. More than 99% of students in both schools were vaccinated against measles and 41 (74/1806) of human serum antibodies were negative, of which 73 were vaccinated. 43 (58%) were vaccinated