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硬质合金顶锤是WC-Co合金大制品与极端服役工况的典型代表。服役过程中硬质合金顶锤的异常失效是困扰超硬材料与硬质合金顶锤生产企业的棘手问题。本文采用扫描电镜、能谱分析以及X射线衍射分析等研究手段对硬质合金顶锤碎片与硬质合金生产用Co粉进行了观察与分析,报道了异常失效顶锤碎片微观组织结构中存在含K、Na、Ca、S、Cl、O等杂质元素、周长超过100μm的脆性蕾丝状富Co团聚组织,以及Co粉中存在因杂质与还原烧结效应导致的、外表光滑、尺度高达10μm的致密硬团聚微观缺陷。其中,富Co团聚组织中K、Na、Ca、S、Cl等杂质元素的总质量分数高达2.8%～3.45%。通过引证关联分析,认为两种缺陷之间存在一定的相关性,建议硬质合金生产企业在采购Co粉时必须重视对粉末微观质量的分析与检测。
Cemented carbide top hammer is a typical representative of WC-Co alloy products and extreme service conditions. Abnormal failure of cemented carbide top hammer during service is a thorny issue that plagued manufacturers of super-hard materials and cemented carbide top hammers. In this paper, the use of scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis and other research tools on the cemented carbide top hammer fragments and the production of Ce powder for the cemented carbide were observed and analyzed, reported abnormal failure of the top hammer fragments containing the microstructure K, Na, Ca, S, Cl, O and other impurity elements, brittle lace-like Co-rich polygons with a circumference of more than 100 μm and Co powder with the appearance of impurities and reduction sintering, smooth appearance, Hard reunion microscopic defects. Among them, the total mass fraction of K, Na, Ca, S, Cl and other impurity elements in Co-rich clusters is as high as 2.8% -3.45%. By citing the correlation analysis, there is a certain correlation between the two kinds of defects. It is suggested that the manufacturers of carbide should pay attention to the analysis and detection of the microscopic quality of powder when purchasing Co powder.