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目的探讨黑热病患者血液及骨髓象异常改变,结合临床特点做到早发现、早诊断、早治疗。方法对2003年1月～2012年10月收住新疆喀什地区第二人民医院的30名黑热病患者血象及骨髓象进行回顾性分析。结果全血细胞减少25例,血小板计数正常3例,白细胞计数正常2例,重度贫血7例,中度贫血18例,轻度贫血5例,骨髓穿刺检出利什曼原虫,确诊黑热病。结论喀什地区是黑热病流行区,基层工作人员了解了血液及骨髓细胞形态学特点,结合临床表现和病史,对疑似病例应注意镜下寄生虫的检查,可避免或减少误诊和漏诊。
Objective To investigate the abnormal changes of blood and bone marrow in patients with kala-azar, and make early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment according to clinical features. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the blood and bone marrow of 30 kala-azar patients admitted to the Second People’s Hospital of Kashi Prefecture in Xinjiang from January 2003 to October 2012. Results 25 cases of pancytopenia, normal platelet count in 3 cases, normal white blood cell count in 2 cases, severe anemia in 7 cases, 18 cases of moderate anemia, 5 cases of mild anemia, bone marrow biopsy detected Leishmania, diagnosis of kala-azar. Conclusion Kashgar is a endemic area of kala-azar. Grassroots workers understand the morphological characteristics of blood and bone marrow cells. Combined with the clinical manifestations and medical history, the suspected cases should pay attention to the examination of microscopic parasites to avoid or reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.