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目的研究糖尿病对大鼠牙齿磨耗程度的影响。方法本研究于2013年4—5月在沈阳药科大学动物实验中心和中国医科大学实验设备处进行。将6~8周SD大鼠20只,随机分为2组:糖尿病组与对照组,每组10只。糖尿病组采用腹腔一次性注射链脲佐菌素方法建立大鼠糖尿病模型。两组大鼠相同条件下饲养,8周后处死后取上下颌骨,水浴干燥后体式显微镜下观察大鼠磨牙磨耗情况,数字显微成像仪相同观察条件下采集图像,观察牙齿磨损情况。采用图像分析软件测量每个磨牙各个牙尖的高度,即沿牙尖至对应牙根的牙体长轴上牙尖至釉牙骨质界的长度,对两组结果进行统计学分析。结果形态学观察可见糖尿病大鼠牙本质暴露面积更大,牙尖高度有所降低,第三磨牙更为显著,牙尖相对尖锐陡峭。牙尖高度测量结果显示糖尿病组较对照组磨牙牙尖高度有所降低,相对而言上颌第三磨牙与下颌第一磨牙降低更为明显,上颌牙舌尖与下颌牙颊尖降低更为明显(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病大鼠在相同饮食条件下,牙齿磨耗较正常大鼠更为明显,糖尿病可促进大鼠牙齿磨耗。
Objective To study the effect of diabetes on the degree of tooth wear in rats. Methods This study was conducted in April-May 2013 at the Animal Experiment Center of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University and the Experimental Equipment of China Medical University. Sixty to eight weeks SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: diabetic group and control group, with 10 rats in each group. Diabetic rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin method to establish diabetic model in rats. The rats in the two groups were housed under the same conditions. After 8 weeks of sacrifice, the maxillary and mandibles were sacrificed. The wear state of the molars was observed under a stereomicroscope under a water-bath condition. The images were taken under the same observation conditions by a digital microscope to observe the tooth wear. Image analysis software was used to measure the height of each cusp tip of each molars, that is, the length from the cusp to the enamel cementum along the major axis of the tooth root from the cusp to the corresponding root, and the results of two groups were statistically analyzed. Results Morphological observation showed that the exposed area of dentin in diabetic rats was larger, the height of the cusp declined, the third molar was more prominent, and the cusp sharp relatively steep. Compared with the control group, the height of the cusp tip of the diabetic group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05), while the reduction of the maxillary third molar and the mandibular first molar was more obvious than that of the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Diabetic rats under the same diet conditions, the tooth wear more obvious than normal rats, diabetes can promote tooth wear in rats.