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目的对衡阳市2010年4-12月手足口病(HFMD)实验室检测结果进行分析,了解衡阳市HFMD流行特征,为今后制定或调整HFMD防治措施提供参考。方法对2010年4-12月衡阳市各县区疾病预防控制中心(CDC)及各类医疗机构送检的625例临床诊断为HFMD患者标本,应用实时荧光(Real-time)RT-PCR法检测标本中的人肠道病毒(HEV)、肠道病毒71型(EV71)和柯萨奇病毒A组16型(CVA16)特异性核酸。结果 625例HFMD患者标本中,EV71阳性率为26.08%(163/625),CVA16阳性率为8.80%(55/625),其它HEV阳性率为19.84%(124/625);95例HFMD重症病例中,EV71阳性率(67.80%,40/95)最高,并且男性阳性率(50.85%)略高于女性(27.78%),未检出CVA16型;9例HFMD重症死亡病例中,6例为EV71型,阳性率为66.67%。4-7月为HFMD高发期,3岁以下为高风险年龄组,重症病例及重症死亡病例比其它年龄组高。结论衡阳市2010年HFMD发病率较高,EV71型是引起重症及重症死亡病例的优势病毒型,应加强监测,特别是3岁以下婴幼儿的监测。
Objective To analyze the laboratory test results of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) from April to December in 2010 in Hengyang City to understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Hengyang and to provide reference for the future development or adjustment of HFMD prevention and treatment measures. Methods A total of 625 specimens of HFMD clinically diagnosed from CDC and various medical institutions in Hengyang City from April to December in 2010 were analyzed by Real-time RT-PCR Human enterovirus (HEV), enterovirus 71 (EV71) and Coxsackievirus A group 16 (CVA16) specific nucleic acids in the specimens. Results Among the 625 HFMD patients, the positive rate of EV71 was 26.08% (163/625), the positive rate of CVA16 was 8.80% (55/625), and the positive rate of other HEV was 19.84% (124/625). 95 cases of severe HFMD , The positive rate of EV71 was the highest (67.80%, 40/95), and the positive rate was 50.85% in male and 27.78% in female respectively. No CVA16 was detected in 9 cases of HFMD. Among the 9 HFMD cases, 6 were EV71 Type, the positive rate was 66.67%. From April to July, HFMD had a high incidence, while those under 3 years of age were at high risk. Severe cases and severe deaths were higher than those in other age groups. Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD is high in Hengyang in 2010, and EV71 is the predominant virus causing serious and severe deaths. Monitoring should be strengthened especially for infants under 3 years of age.