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[目的]研究长期、反复感染幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori)对蒙古沙鼠胃黏膜的影响。[方法]4周龄蒙古沙鼠20只,随机分为实验组和对照组。实验组在完成H.pylori定植感染后,隔4周灌喂1次为反复感染,共6次;对照组灌喂相同体积无菌肉汤。在定植感染100周后处死沙鼠,透射电镜观察其胃黏膜上皮细胞超微结构。[结果]实验组10只沙鼠胃黏膜均出现不同程度的慢性胃炎的超微病理改变,胃黏膜出现不同程度的萎缩,胃腺体数目减少,腺细胞排列不规则,细胞间连接疏松,有的细胞出现空泡变性甚至坏死。多数胃壁细胞分泌小管扩张,微绒毛稀疏,线粒体数量减少,有的出现空泡化现象;部分胃主细胞内质网不同程度扩张,核出现固缩,分泌颗粒淡染或空泡化,部分线粒体轻度肿胀。其中4只沙鼠的胃黏膜出现异型细胞,核大而不规则,核仁明显,细胞排列紊乱,有偏位核样体分泌颗粒,细胞间连接疏松,类似腺癌细胞。多数胃黏膜间质内有嗜酸性粒细胞浸润。[结论]H.pylori长期反复感染可引起蒙古沙鼠胃黏膜上皮细胞及其超微结构发生病理性改变,严重者可引起上皮细胞的异型改变甚至癌变。
[Objective] To study the effect of long-term and repeated infection of H. pylori on gastric mucosa in Mongolian gerbil. [Method] 20 Mongolian gerbils, 4 weeks old, were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. After the completion of H.pylori colonization, the experimental group was infused repeatedly once every 4 weeks for 6 times, and the control group was fed the same volume of sterile broth. Gerbils were sacrificed 100 weeks after colonization and the ultrastructure of gastric mucosal epithelial cells was observed by transmission electron microscopy. [Results] The gastric mucosa of 10 gerbils in the experimental group all showed different degrees of ultrastructural changes of chronic gastritis. Gastric mucosa showed varying degrees of atrophy, the number of gastric glands decreased, the arrangement of glandular cells irregularly, the connection between cells loose, and some Cells appear vacuolar degeneration or necrosis. Most of parietal cells secreted tubules dilated, sparse microvilli, mitochondria decreased, and some vacuoles; part of the major host cell endoplasmic reticulum to varying degrees of expansion, nuclear shrinkage, secretory granules lightly stained or vacuolization, part of the mitochondria Mild swelling. Among them, 4 gerbils showed abnormally shaped gastric mucosa, with large and irregular nuclei, obvious nucleoli and disordered cells. Part of the gerbils secrete granules with loosely connected cells, similar to those of adenocarcinoma cells. Most gastric mucosa with eosinophil infiltration. [Conclusion] Long-term repeated infection of H.pylori can cause pathological changes of gastric epithelial cells and ultrastructure in gerbils of Mongolian gerbils. In severe cases, the morphological changes of epithelial cells may even cause cancer.