目的　探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV 1)感染者体内可能存在的保护性中和抗体。方法　应用ELISA等方法检测正常对照人群、HIV 1感染无症状组、长期生存组和艾滋病患者体内小分子多肽抗体 (抗 R7V)分布状况。结果　抗 R7V在无症状组和长期存活组中检出率较高 ,而在进展者和艾滋病患者中存在较低 ,并发现抗 R7V能中和HIVRNA。结论　抗 R7V的存在与病情进展有密切关系 ,能够使HIV感染者长期处于无进展状态 ,延缓或者阻止感染者发展为艾滋病 Objective To explore the protective neutralizing antibodies that may exist in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV 1) infected persons. Methods ELISA and other methods were used to detect the distribution of small molecule peptide antibody (anti-R7V) in the normal control group, the asymptomatic HIV-1 infected group, the long-term survival group and AIDS patients. Results The anti-R7V was detected more frequently in asymptomatic and long-term survivors, but lower in progression and AIDS patients, and found that anti-R7V was able to neutralize HIV RNA. Conclusion The existence of anti-R7V is closely related to the progression of the disease, enabling HIV-infected persons to remain in a state of no progress for a long time, delaying or preventing the development of AIDS-infected persons