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200年历史的比较优势法则仍在获奖。1853年,时为英国东印度公司治下的印度政府开始修建大规模的铁路网。其后,1858年建立的英属印度继续着这项工作。当时,印度大部分的内陆运输是靠畜力完成的:在有路可走的地方,是靠牲口拉车;在无路可走的地方——这是常态——则是靠牲畜驮运。在幅员广阔的印度次大陆上往来运货,不仅成本高昂,而且耗时甚久。引进铁路改变了这种状况。
The 200-year historical comparative advantage rule is still winning. In 1853, the Indian government, under the control of the British East India Company, began the construction of a large-scale railway network. Subsequently, British India, established in 1858, continued this work. At the time, most of India’s inland transport was animal-powered: animals were pulled by car when there was a way to go; and where there was no way to go - it was normal - it was carried by animals. It is not only costly but also time consuming to transport goods across the vast Indian subcontinent. The introduction of railways has changed this situation.