天山造山带发育在元古宙变质基底之上,其造山带基本格架在古生代晚期已经初步形成。平行东西向造山带分布的二叠纪红色磨拉石岩层,是碰撞造山带发生隆升、前陆盆地开始发育的重要证据。三叠纪,天山造山带进一步被剥蚀夷平,盆山高差缩小,盆地规模继续扩大。侏罗纪—古近纪,由于板内伸展作用,在准平原化的天山地区形成了一系列伸展盆地,呈近东西向分布。新近纪以来,受南面印度—欧亚陆—陆碰撞的影响,天山地区发生强烈陆内变形,以逆冲推覆和褶皱堆叠为特征;节理统计表明其主压应力为南北方向。研究表明,由印度和欧亚大陆碰撞产生的强烈挤压作用对大陆腹地的天山地区影响很大:前中生代块体发生剧烈隆升,岩层褶皱,伴随形成深度与规模都较大的新生代坳陷,盆山高差急剧增大}脆性剪切与挤压 The Tianshan orogenic belt developed on the metamorphic basement of the Proterozoic. The basic framework of the orogenic belt has been formed in the late Paleozoic. The Permian red molasse strata distributed along the parallel east-west orogenic belt are important evidences that the collision orogeny uplifted and the foreland basin began to develop. The Triassic and Tianshan orogenic belts were further eroded and flattened, the basin height difference narrowed and the basin scale continued to expand. From Jurassic to Paleogene, a series of extensional basins were formed in the quasi-plains of Tianshan Mountains due to extensional plates. Since the Neogene, the strong intracontinental deformation occurred in the Tianshan area due to the Indian-Eurasian continental-continental collision in the south, characterized by thrust nappe and fold fold. The joint statistics show that the principal compressive stress is north-south direction. The study shows that the intense crushing effect caused by the collision between India and Eurasia has a great impact on the hinterland of Tianshan. The previous Mesozoic massive uplift and fold formation are accompanied by the formation of Cenozoic Au Trap, basin height difference sharply increased brittle shear and extrusion