动态观察母乳中肿瘤坏死因子-α（TN-α）及新生儿脐血单个核细胞形成TNF-α的水平变化，探讨母乳中TNF-α对受体儿的临床意义。结果：（1）母乳中具有生物活性的TNF-α存在，而且有一定含量，以初乳为高。（2）早产儿、足月儿脐血单个核细胞形成TNF-α比对照组低。由于母乳中有一定量TNF-α，若及早母乳喂养，受体婴儿获得足够量的TNF-α，有利于预防感染、调节免疫功能的作用。 To observe the changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in breast milk and the level of TNF-α in umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (BMMNC) in neonates and explore the clinical significance of TNF-α in breast milk. Results: (1) The bioactive TNF-α in breast milk was existed, and there was a certain content, which was high in colostrum. (2) Preterm infants, full-term neonatal umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells formed TNF-α lower than the control group. Due to a certain amount of human milk TNF-α, if the early breast-feeding, recipient infants adequate TNF-α, is conducive to the prevention of infection, the role of immune regulation.