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正午太阳高度是与当地地理纬度和太阳直射点的地理纬度密切相关的。在直射点上,正午太阳高度为90°,由直射点向南北两侧相距纬度每增加一度,正午太阳高度就要减小一度,反过来,正午太阳高度每增加一度,则该地与直射点的纬度距必然减小一度,纬度与正午太阳高度是互为余角的,要计算某地的正午太阳高度,只需用90°减去该地与直射点相距的纬度数就行了。公式可化简为:H=90°-θ(θ为当地与直射点的纬度差) 为使学生获得直观印象,牢固掌握公式,可用示意图加以说明。(以北京的二分二至为例)
The height of the noon sun is closely related to the geographic latitude of the local geographic location and the direct point of the sun. In the direct point of view, the height of the sun at the midday is 90°, and the distance between the two points of the north and south sides increases by one degree. The height of the sun at the midday is reduced by one degree. Inversely, when the height of the noon sun increases by one degree, the area and the point of direct sunlight are reversed. The latitude must be reduced by one degree, and the latitude and midday sun height are complementary to each other. To calculate the height of the noon sun in a certain place, subtract 90° from the distance between the point and the direct point. The formula can be simplified as: H = 90° - θ (θ is the latitude difference between the local and the direct point) In order for students to get an intuitive impression, firmly grasp the formula, you can use a schematic diagram to illustrate. (Take Beijing’s two-thirds as an example)