在英国近代哲学中 ,培根哲学忽视理性演绎法的作用 ,霍布斯哲学是欧洲哲学史上第一个比较彻底的机械唯物主义理论体系 ,洛克哲学揉合了不少唯心论、二元论和不可知论乃至理性主义成分。贝克莱哲学具有极端唯名论倾向 ,休谟哲学则集实验和推理于一体 ,既讲经验 ,又有思辩 ,体系完整 ,思想精深。休谟哲学的精神实质 ,具体体现在经验、人性、自然和怀疑这四个原则之中 ,对 18世纪下叶以来西方哲学的发展产生了重大而深远的影响 In British modern philosophy, Bacon’s philosophy ignores the role of rational deduction. Hobbes’s philosophy is the first complete theoretical system of mechanical materialism in the history of European philosophy. Locke’s philosophy incorporates many idealist, dualistic and agnostic theories and even Rationalism Berkeley philosophy is extremely nominalism, Hume philosophy is set experimental and reasoning in one, both to talk about experience, but also speculation, the system is complete, thoughtful. The essence of Hume’s philosophy is embodied in the four principles of experience, human nature, nature and suspicion. It has a profound and far-reaching impact on the development of western philosophy since the latter half of the 18th century