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目的了解2011-2015年凉山州农村未婚青少年的HIV感染状况,并针对性地提出防控建议。方法按照凉山州艾滋病哨点监测方案进行资料收集,采用Epidata 3.1和SPSS 19.0统计软件对数据进行整理和分析。结果 5年共监测共9 536人,HIV的检出率分别为4.15%(74/1 784)、3.55%(69/1 941)、2.10%(41/1 949)、2.52%(47/1 862)和1.55%(31/2 000),呈缓慢下降的趋势。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析发现男性(OR=1.34)、彝族(OR=2.60)、有外出打工史(OR=1.75)、最近1年有不安全性行为(OR=1.72)、有吸毒史(OR=6.07)和拒答是否吸毒(OR=2.84)均能增加研究对象感染HIV的风险。小学文化(OR=0.61)和初中及以上文化程度(OR=0.28)能降低研究对象感染HIV的风险。结论凉山州未婚青少年群体HIV感染形势严峻,彝族、男性、不安全性行为和吸毒是感染HIV的危险因素。
Objective To understand the status of HIV infection among unmarried rural adolescents in Liangshan Prefecture from 2011 to 2015 and to put forward the prevention and control suggestions. Methods The data were collected according to the sentinel surveillance program of AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture. The data were sorted and analyzed by Epidata 3.1 and SPSS 19.0 statistical software. Results A total of 9 536 people were monitored in 5 years. The detection rates of HIV were 4.15% (74/1 784), 3.55% (69/1 941), 2.10% (41/1 949), 2.52% (47/1 862) and 1.55% (31/2 000), showing a gradual downward trend. Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR = 1.34), Yi (OR = 2.60), migrant workers (OR = 1.75), unsafe sex (1.72) OR = 6.07) and refusal to accept drugs (OR = 2.84) all increased the risk of HIV infection. Primary school education (OR = 0.61) and education at junior high school and above (OR = 0.28) decreased the risk of HIV infection among study subjects. Conclusion HIV infection among unmarried adolescents in Liangshan Prefecture is very serious. Yi, men, unsafe sex and drug addiction are the risk factors of HIV infection.