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何首烏在我地一般生長于籬笆、墙脚、山坡、石缝等处較多;屬蓼科多年生蔓草?蚀?成塊狀;叶有柄,互生,心臟形,头尖銳。根塊名何首烏(俗称首乌)。莖名夜交藤,均供药用。近年来野生产量赶不上医药需要,为了滿足今后供应故采取家种。茲將培植概况介紹以供参考。1.土壤:一般宜用山坡沙质肥沃疏松的土壤(土松有利于根部生長)。2.整地作畦:深翻細作,做成3—4尺寬畦子,四面需要有畦溝排水。3.施肥:在深耕时要一次施足底肥,用灰粪肥,每亩需要100余担。一般不需要追肥。4.培植时期:适宜春季移苗(野苗与家种苗一样)培植。根、莖一般生長三年后方可采掘。5.培植方法:用小首乌培植(鮮小首烏要带有根莖,否則活棵率較差),必须將苗嘴朝上,深度約3寸左右;株距5寸,行距5—7寸。种苗每亩約300斤。6.田间管理:在移种幼苗后即要洒水,但不要洒得过湿。畦面要保持平坦,防止积水腐爛根部。当幼苗出土后必须一次將杂草除尽詈么罴軤客鸵岳L。7.收获:收获时适宜冬季,根部大的加工药用,小的可留作种苗使用,莖部粗籐打把晒干。8.加工方法:(1)生晒:名曰“生晒首烏”,將鮮货晒干即成。一般利用中小貨,晒前削去头尾。(2)制熟:名曰“制首烏”葘⑼肺睬腥ビ盟辞迥嗤?分成大中小三等煮制。放入开水鍋內煮到3—4成熟即要起鍋。煮制时,鍋内最好放点小生地、绿豆衣,用布包扎好同煮。煮的汤汁留作下次复煮时用。起鍋时要小心勿碰伤外皮。日晒5—7日后,再煮第二次(5—6成熟)。晒干即可。如只大者最好再煮一次,外皮黑褐色切外無糖心,内呈淡紅褐色即可。(3)鮮货,名曰“鮮首烏”,不要加工,需用砂土复盖保管。冬季加盖稻草,以防冻坏(一般留用小货)。
Polygonum growing in my general fence, wall feet, hillsides, crevices, etc .; Polygonaceae perennial creeping? Erosion? Into lumps; leaves a handle, alternate, heart-shaped, sharp head. Polygonum root Polygonum (commonly known as Shouwu). Stem name night pay rattan, are for medicinal purposes. In recent years, the output of wild animals can not keep up with the need of medicine and families are taken in order to meet the supply in the future. An introduction will be produced for reference. 1. Soil: It is generally appropriate to use loose hillside sandy soil fertile soil (turf is conducive to root growth). 2. Site preparation 畦: deep plowing fine workmanship, made of 3-4 feet wide prickly heat, surrounded by the need to have ditch drainage. 3. Fertilization: In deep plowing time to apply enough base fertilizer, with manure, per mu needs more than 100 Tam. Generally do not need fertilizer. 4. Cultivation period: suitable for spring Miao (wild seedlings and the same seedlings) cultivation. Roots, stems generally grow three years before mining. 5. Cultivation methods: cultivation with small Shouwu (small Shouwu to bring rhizome, or live a poor yield), must be Miaozui up, depth of about 3 inches; spacing of 5 inches, row spacing 5-7 inches. Seedlings about 300 pounds per mu. 6. Field Management: Sprinkle seedlings after transplanting, but do not spill too much. Face to keep flat, to prevent water rot roots. When the seedlings must be unearthed once the weeds except 詈 罴 軤 軤 off guest 鸵 Yue L. 7. Harvest: suitable for winter harvest, the roots of large processing medicinal, small can be used as seeds and seedlings, stems and rough to hit the dry. 8. Processing methods: (1) Health and drying: the name of “Health Radix Polygonatum”, the fresh goods will Serve. General use of small and medium goods, cut off the head and tail before drying. (2) ripening: the name of “system Shouwu” 葘 ⑼ lungs and fishy Fish ビ Vatican speech 迥 laugh? Divided into medium and small third-grade cooking. Into a boiling water pot cooked to 3-4 mature that is to be wok. When cooking, the best place to put the pot niche, mung bean clothing, cloth with a good cook. Cook the soup for the next time re-cooking. Be careful not to bump the skin when woking. After 5-7 days of sun, cook for the second time (5-6 mature). Can be dried. If only the best to cook again, the skin dark brown cut sugar-free heart, can be reddish brown inside. (3) Fresh goods, nicknamed “fresh Shouwu”, do not process, need to cover with sand storage. Stamped straw in winter, to prevent frostbite (the general retention of small goods).