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目的分析地方性砷中毒患者生存质量影响因素,为卫生行政部门针对影响因素制定相关防治决策提供依据。方法采用WHOQOL-BREF量表对山西省和内蒙古自治区砷中毒病人进行访谈调查。运用多元线性回归分析模型,采用以砷中毒严重程度直接进入法,其他11个自变量逐步回归法探索影响砷中毒患者生理领域、心理领域、社会关系领域和环境领域的因素。结果对163例轻、中、重度砷中毒患者进行了生存质量调查;影响砷中毒患者生理领域的因素主要有医疗需要程度,家庭摩擦影响、年人均收入、失眠、吸烟、饮酒和严重程度(F=51.902,P<0.001);影响心理领域的因素主要有家庭磨擦、年人均收入和严重程度(F=60.988,P<0.001);影响社会关系领域的因素主要有医疗需要程度、居住此地年数、吸烟(F=7.784,P<0.001);影响环境领域的因素主要有家庭摩擦和严重程度(F=9.739,P<0.001)。结论在防治地方性砷中毒工作中,应注重提供方便快捷的基本医疗服务,对不同程度的砷中毒患者实施有效治疗,提高患者的家庭收入、构建和谐家庭关系、加强健康教育,改变不良生活习惯和生活方式等综合措施的制定和实施,以期改善砷中毒患者的生存质量。
Objective To analyze the influencing factors on the quality of life of patients with endemic arsenism and provide the basis for the health administrative departments to formulate relevant prevention and control decisions based on the influential factors. Methods The WHOQOL-BREF scale was used to investigate the arsenic poisoning patients in Shanxi Province and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Using multivariate linear regression analysis model, direct entry method with severity of arsenic poisoning was used, and other 11 independent variables were used to explore the factors influencing the patients in arsenic poisoning in physiological, psychological, social and environmental fields. Results A total of 163 patients with mild, moderate and severe arsenism were investigated for quality of life. Factors influencing the physiological status of patients with arsenic poisoning included medical needs, family friction, per capita income, insomnia, smoking, alcohol consumption and severity (F = 51.902, P <0.001). The factors influencing the psychological field mainly include family friction, annual per capita income and severity (F = 60.988, P <0.001). The main factors affecting the social relations are the degree of medical needs, the number of years living in the area, Smoking (F = 7.784, P <0.001). The main factors affecting the environment were family friction and severity (F = 9.739, P <0.001). Conclusion In the prevention and treatment of endemic arsenism, we should pay attention to providing convenient and quick basic medical services, effective treatment for patients with different degrees of arsenic poisoning, improve family income, build harmonious family relationships, strengthen health education and change bad habits And lifestyle and other comprehensive measures to develop and implement, with a view to improving the quality of life of patients with arsenic poisoning.