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Gastric cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality. The determination of early diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer is an important issue for medical researchers.Although there are many methods to help clinicians detect gastric cancer, the early diagnosis rate is still unsatisfactory. As a newlydeveloped field, nanomedicine provides the potential for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. Nanomaterials have functional and structural properties that are not available from either discrete or bulk materials. Nanoparticles can be modified to target cancer cells, and when carrying fluorescent agents,they can delineate the focus clearly. Nanoparticles can also kill tumor cells without injuring normal cells when they serve as the drug loader. Fluorescent nanoparticles can also guide surgeons to resect lesions completely and clear the metastatic lymph nodes completely.