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一、孔明背离“慎重初战”的用兵原则是导致马谡悲剧的初始原因。所谓初战．是敌我双方交战开始时的第一仗，关系到战争的全局．所以历代军事家都要求慎重对待．不打则已．打则必胜。蜀国兵败街亭的第一个原因，就是背离了这一重要原则。这一点集中反映在守街事的人选安排上。?
First, Kong Ming’s departure from the “prudent initial war” principle of military service is the initial cause of the tragedy. The so-called first battle. It is the first battle between the two sides at the beginning of our war and the overall situation of the war. Therefore, all previous generations of military strategists demanded careful treatment. Do not hit already. Play will win. The first reason Shu defeated Street Pavilion is deviated from this important principle. This is mainly reflected in the arrangements for keeping the streets busy. ?