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目的:了解武汉地区手足口病肠道病毒分型和临床特征,为手足口病预防及治疗提供依据。方法:采集手足口病患者咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光定量法检测CA16、EV71和通用型肠道病毒,同时搜集手足口病患儿的临床资料,分析不同病毒型手足口病患儿临床特征。结果:2012年1-12月共收集手足口病咽拭子标本3 083例,其中EV71阳性765例,阳性率为24.81%;CA16病毒阳性559份,阳性率为18.13%;EV71和CA16双阳性61例,阳性率为1.99%;通用型肠道病毒阳性1 698例,阳性率55.07%。1-3岁是手足口病高发年龄段,各病毒型均表现为男性多于女性。3 083例手足口病患者,临床上均有手、足、口或臀部皮疹,大部分患者有发热,部分患者伴有神经系统症状。EV71感染者出现发热、神经系统症状及白细胞增多的比例高于CA16和通用型肠道病毒阳性者。通用型肠道病毒阳性患者出现肺部并发症比例多于EV71感染者。结论:武汉市2012年手足口病主要由EV71、CA16及通用型肠道病毒引起,且以通用型肠道病毒为主。了解不同病毒型手足口病临床特征,对于手足口病预防和治疗具有重要意义。
Objective: To understand the typing and clinical characteristics of HFMD in Wuhan and to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of HFMD. Methods: Throat swab specimens were collected from patients with HFMD. CA16, EV71 and universal enterovirus were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative assay. Clinical data of children with hand-foot-mouth disease were also collected. The clinical features of children with HFMD were analyzed . Results: From January to December in 2012, a total of 3 083 throat swab samples of hand, foot and mouth disease were collected, of which 765 were positive for EV71, the positive rate was 24.81%; 559 were positive for CA16 virus, the positive rate was 18.13%; EV71 and CA16 were double positive 61 cases, the positive rate was 1.99%; universal enterovirus positive 1 698 cases, the positive rate of 55.07%. 1-3 years old is the high incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease, all virus types are more men than women. 3 083 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease patients, clinically hand, foot, mouth or hip rash, most patients have fever, some patients with neurological symptoms. EV71 infection were fever, neurological symptoms and leukocytosis than CA16 and universal enterovirus positive. General enterovirus positive patients with pulmonary complications than EV71 infection. Conclusion: HFMD in Wuhan is mainly caused by EV71, CA16 and universal enterovirus in 2012, and is dominated by universal enterovirus. To understand the clinical features of different virus type hand-foot-mouth disease, for the prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease is of great significance.