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The study examines a Lower Jurassic(late Liassic) cyclic lagoonal-peritidal stratigraphic unit outcropping in central western Crete(Tripoli’s unit),which corresponds to the eastern(internal) part of the mainland Gavrovo-Tripolis platform,the most significant external platform of the Hellenides.The studied Tripolis carbonate sequence consists of meter-scale,shallowing-upward successions of restricted innercarbonate platform fades,including cyclically repeated subtidal,intertidal and supratidal fades,that are separated by erosion surfaces(elementary cycles).Each cycle starts with relatively open-marine fades,which are overlain by shallower,more restricted facies(tidal flat progradation).The lithofacies association includes dolomitic intraclastic-peloidal-bioclastic wackestones-packstones/floatstones and grainstones/rudstones dominated by a restricted shallow-marine fauna(bivalves,gastropods,ostracods and seldom benthic foraminifers),representing a shallow subtidal to intertidal,moderately high-energy environment within an innerplatform setting(peritidal environment to restricted lagoon).This lithofacies association has been intermittently subaerially exposed and has undergone diagenetic processes in an inter- or supratidal environment,exhibiting features of vadose diagenesis and pedogenesis due to long-lasting exposure along certain horizons.The peritidal facies are capped by dolocretes controlled by root-activities(laminar dolocretes,peloidal-pisoid dolocretes and massive dolocretes),marking the end of each depositional cycle,and,thus,distinguishing the successive episodes of a prolonged subaerial exposure period and birth of paleosol horizons.Dolocretes consist a diagenetic facies,characterized by several vadose and pedogenic fabrics,including fenestral cavities with geopetal structures, “flower spar” to blocky sparry cement in primary pores,micritic coatings,crudely pelleted walls,alveolar-septal texture,infills of rootlet moulds,inter-granular micritic bridges,meniscus cement,sinuous desiccation cracks,circum-granular cracking and in-situ brecciation.The stratigraphic distribution of the cyclothems,suggests relative sea-level control on the peritidal cyclicity controlled by uniform tectonic subsidence and eustasy(allocyclic processes),in an inner- ramp-to-shelf carbonate setting with tidal flat and restricted lagoon depositional environment.However,a combination of allocyclic with autocyclic processes controlling accommodation space and sediment accumulation,should be also taken in consideration.The studied high-frequency cycles are interpreted to have been formed during the falling stage and correspond to lowstand systems tract(LST) sediments,which consists part of a regressive peak of the Lower/Middle Jurassic Transgressive-Regressive Facies Low Frequency Cycle(2nd order).Due to the absence of massive evaporites,dolomitization has been attributed to reflux of slightly increased-salinity marine fluids(i.e.penesaline),that are driven into the underlying lagoonal-peritidal carbonate sediments during periods of long term sea-level fall in a marginal marine setting.
The study examines a Lower Jurassic (late Liassic) cyclic lagoonal-peritidal stratigraphic unit outcropping in central western Crete (Tripoli’s unit), which corresponds to the eastern (internal) part of the mainland Gavrovo-Tripolis platform, the most significant external platform of the Hellenides. The studied Tripolis carbonate sequence consists of meter-scale, shallowing-upward successions of restricted innercarbonate platform fades, including cyclically repeated subtidal, intertidal and supratidal fades, that are separated by erosion surfaces (elementary cycles) .Each cycle starts with relatively open -marine fades, which are overlain by shallower, more restricted facies (tidal flat progradation). The lithofacies association includes dolomitic intraclastic-peloidal-bioclastic wackestones-packstones / floatstones and grainstones / rudstones dominated by a restricted shallow-marine fauna (bivalves, gastropods , ostracods and seldom benthic foraminifers), representing a shallow subtidal to intertidal, moderatel y high-energy environment within an inner platform setting (peritidal environment to restricted lagoon). This lithofacies association has been intermittently subaerially exposed and has undergone diagenetic processes in an inter- or supratidal environment, exhibiting features of vadose diagenesis and pedogenesis due to long-lasting exposure along certain horizons. The peritidal facies are capped by dolocretes controlled by root-activities (laminar dolocretes, peloidal-pisoid dolocretes and massive dolocretes), marking the end of each depositional cycle, and, thus, distinguishing the successive episodes of a prolonged subaerial exposure period and birth of paleosol horizons. Dolocretes consist a diagenetic facies, characterized by several vadose and pedogenic fabrics, including fenestral cavities with geopetal structures, “flower spar” to blocky sparry cement in primary pores, micritic coatings, crudely pelleted walls, alveolar-septal texture, infills of rootlet molds, inter-granular micritic bridges, meniscus cement, sinuous desiccation cracks, circum-granular cracking and in-situ brecciation. stratigraphic distribution of the cyclothems, suggests relative relative sea-level control on the peritidal cyclicity controlled by uniform tectonic subsidence and eustasy (allocyclic processes), in an inner- ramp-to-shelf carbonate setting with tidal flat and restricted lagoon depositional environment. Hosted, a combination of allocyclic with autocyclic processes controlling accommodation space and sediment accumulation, should be also taken in consideration. studied high-frequency cycles are interpreted to have been formed during the falling stage and correspond to lowstand systems tract (LST) sediments, which consists of a regressive peak of the Lower / Middle Jurassic Transgressive-Regressive Facies Low Frequency Cycle (2nd order) .Due to the absence of massive evaporites, dolomitization has been attributed to reflux of slightly increased-salinity marine fluids (iepenesaline), that are driven into the underlying lagoonal-peritidal carbonate sediments during periods of long term sea-level fall in a marginal marine setting.