谁都知道,诗是一种语言艺术。《尚书》即有“诗言志”之说,诗就是用语言来表现情志。亚里斯多德的《诗学》也开宗明义地指出,诗“所用的媒介”是语言,“只用语言”来摹仿。但是,诗却是很难用语言来表现的东西。这便是诗人的不幸与痛苦。诗人纳德松甚至感叹“世界上没有比语言的痛苦更强烈的痛苦了”。诗美质体与语言呈现之间的矛盾,是诗美创造的一个基本矛盾。 Everyone knows that poetry is a language art. “Shang Shu” that is “poetic ambitions,” said poetry is the language to express feelings. Aristotle’s “Poetics” also clearly states that the poet’s “medium” is a language that is “language-only” to imitate. However, poetry is very hard to express in words. This is the poet’s misfortune and pain. The poet Natsong even laments that “there is no more pain in the world than in the language.” The contradiction between the beauty of poetry and the presentation of language is a basic contradiction created by poetry and beauty.