本文从理论上探讨了重建系统状态变量的问题。作者提出了“随意状态变量观测器”的概念,提出了构造随意状态变量观测器的三条定理和直接、间接两种随意状态变量观测器。对于随意状态变量观测器与X_x观测器的关系,作者在文中也作了说明。 This paper discusses the problem of rebuilding the system state variables theoretically. The author puts forward the concept of “random state variable observer” and puts forward three theorems and two direct and indirect state variables observers which construct random state variable observer. For the relationship between the random state variable observer and the X_x observer, the author also described the article.