超导电性是荷兰科学家Onnes在1911年发现的,它是指某些材料在其临界温度以下表现出零电阻和完全抗磁性的现象,相应的材料称为超导体。如果超导体临界温度在常压下高于传统理论认为的“麦克米兰极限”(40K),则称为高温超导体。超导是20世纪最伟大的科学发现之一,在其研究历史上,已经有10人获得了5次诺贝尔奖。目前,超 Superconductivity was discovered by Dutch scientist Onnes in 1911. It refers to the phenomenon that some materials exhibit zero resistance and complete diamagnetism below their critical temperature, and the corresponding material is called superconductor. If the critical temperature of the superconductor is higher than the “Macmillan limit” (40K) that is conventionally thought to be at atmospheric pressure, it is called a high temperature superconductor. Superconductivity is one of the greatest scientific discoveries in the 20th century. In its research history, 10 people have won five Nobel Prizes. At present, super