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2015年5月11日至12月23日在韩国由一名从中东返回的旅行者引发了中东呼吸综合征暴发。186人发病,38人死亡。年龄偏大和存在基础性疾患是病人死亡的危险因素。这是中东以外地区最大一次中东呼吸综合征暴发,具有以下流行病学特征:(1)医院感染是最重要的暴发原因,但大量受攻击的是非护理人员(154/184);(2)家庭感染少见,无社区感染,传播呈多中心性;(3)呈现多代型继发感染病例,第1代感染者26例,第2代120例,第3代22例,第4代5例;(4)传播方式主要是微滴传播,直接接触传播仅约10%,大多数感染发生于和病人相处同一护理环境,最大可能是污染物传播。此外,中国发现由韩国输入的一例中东呼吸综合征病例。韩国暴发期间的MERS-COV有较高的遗传变异性和突变率。
From May 11 to December 23, 2015, a Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak caused by a traveler returning from the Middle East in South Korea. 186 people were affected and 38 were killed. Older age and the existence of underlying diseases are risk factors for the death of patients. This is the largest outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome outside the Middle East with the following epidemiological characteristics: (1) nosocomial infections are the most important cause of outbreaks, but a substantial number of non-care workers (154/184) are under attack; (2) families Infection was rare, no community infection, transmission was multicentric; (3) showed multiple generations of secondary infection cases, the first generation of infection in 26 cases, the second generation of 120 cases, the third generation of 22 cases, the fourth generation of 5 cases ; (4) The mode of transmission is mainly droplet transmission, which is only about 10% of the direct transmission. Most infections occur in the same nursing environment as the patient, and the maximum may be the spread of pollutants. In addition, China found a case of Middle East respiratory syndrome imported by South Korea. MERS-COV during the outbreak in Korea had a higher genetic variability and mutation rate.