慢性中耳疾病的外科处理有两个基本目的:其一是根除病灶;其二是恢复听力。现今的外科手术经常注意到有效地控制疾病,而对听力的恢复仍存在争论。慢性中耳炎最初的病损常常在砧骨与镫骨之间,两者失去连接,因此可采用砧骨移植加以矫正。早期是用自体砧骨移植,以后又用同种砧骨移植,而最近则采用裁剪的自体或同种砧骨移植。患者的砧骨、镫骨上部结构缺损者可采用砧骨、锤骨或软骨移植。但所有这些材料的长期效果难以断定。除了这些有机物以外,无机物的适宜材料有钽丝、不锈钢、特氟隆等,但效果一贯很差。最近证实聚乙烯是中耳重建的可 Surgical management of chronic middle ear disease has two basic purposes: one is to eradicate the lesion; the other is to restore hearing. Today’s surgeries are often noticed to effectively control the disease, and there is still debate about hearing recovery. The initial lesions of chronic otitis media are often between the incus and the stapes, losing their connection, and can therefore be corrected with an incus transplant. Early use of autologous incus transplantation, and later with the same kind of incus transplantation, and recently the use of tailored autologous or allograft. Patients with incus, tarsal superstructure defects may use incus, malleus or cartilage transplantation. But the long-term effects of all these materials are hard to tell. In addition to these organic materials, suitable materials for inorganic materials are tantalum wire, stainless steel, Teflon, etc., but the effect has been poor. It has recently been confirmed that polyethylene is available for reconstruction of the middle ear