前言冲天炉是熔炼铸铁的一种主要设备。近年来,国内外虽然在感应电炉熔炼铸铁方面有了较大的发展,但是冲天炉熔炼铸铁仍占绝对主导地位。据资料,我国铸铁件年产量为447万吨,其中冲天炉熔炼的铸铁占99%;苏联铸铁件年产量为1918万吨,其中89%是由 Introduction Cupola is a major equipment for smelting cast iron. In recent years, though there has been a great development both in domestic and abroad in the induction of electric furnace smelting cast iron, cupola smelting cast iron still occupies the absolute dominant position. According to statistics, China’s annual output of iron castings 4.47 million tons, of which cast iron cupola furnace 99%; the Soviet Union, the annual output of 19.18 million tons of cast iron, of which 89% is from