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目的了解江苏地区无偿献血人群戊型肝炎病毒感染情况。方法 2014年9-10月对1 144份无偿献血者的血液标本进行ELISA抗-HEV Ig M和Ig G检测,并对检测结果进行统计分析;提取Ig M阳性标本的病毒RNA,进行逆转录和巢式PCR扩增;扩增产物经纯化后测序,用Mega 6.0软件分析测序结果并构建进化树,进行基因型分析。结果本次筛查HEV Ig M阳性率为1.49%;HEV Ig G阳性率为19.23%。HEV Ig M阳性率在年龄、男女比例、职业、婚姻状况和受教育程度上均无统计学差异(P>0.05);25份HEV Ig M初筛反应性标本经巢式PCR扩增,3份HEV-RNA阳性,献血者中病毒核酸阳性率为0.26%;序列分析结果表明,2例为Ⅳ型HEV感染;1例未能确定基因型。结论江苏地区献血者中HEV病毒核酸阳性率较高,有必要扩大筛查数量,并对输血后戊肝的潜在危险进行评估。
Objective To understand the status of hepatitis E virus infection in blood donors in Jiangsu Province. Methods Blood samples from 1,144 blood donors were tested for anti-HEV IgM and IgG from September to October 2014, and the results were statistically analyzed. The viral RNA of IgM positive samples was extracted for reverse transcription Nested PCR amplification. The amplified product was purified and sequenced. The sequencing results were analyzed with Mega 6.0 software and the phylogenetic tree was constructed for genotype analysis. Results The positive rate of HEV Ig M screening was 1.49%. The positive rate of HEV Ig G was 19.23%. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of IgM of HEV between age, sex ratio, occupation, marital status and educational attainment (P> 0.05); 25 HEV Ig M primary screening reactive samples were amplified by nested PCR and 3 HEV-RNA was positive. The positive rate of virus nucleic acid in blood donors was 0.26%. Sequence analysis showed that 2 cases were infected with type IV HEV, and 1 case was unable to confirm the genotype. Conclusion The positive rate of HEV virus nucleic acid in blood donors in Jiangsu Province is high, so it is necessary to expand the screening quantity and evaluate the potential risk of hepatitis E after transfusion.