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目前国内外一般将长壁崩落法应用于不稳直接顶板缓倾斜薄矿体。此法的缺点是:(1)由于要消耗大量的优质木材,促使矿石成本增高;(2)随着直接顶板压力增加,生产工效急剧下降。针对这一情况,笔者提出房柱分采充填法新方案的建议。直接顶板的特性影响着房柱尺寸。在此法中,一般直接顶板压力大,需要保留较小矿房和较大矿柱;相反,则可以加大矿房尺寸和缩小矿柱尺寸。在房柱中首先回采矿体,再后退崩落直接顶板,以充填空区。矿房内运搬一般根据矿体倾角不同,选用大型电耙或装载机;装载机适用于15°以下,大型电耙适用于15°以上。这种新方法的优点是:(1)不需坑木支护;(2)高产低耗;(3)矿石回采率高。
At present, the domestic and international general application of the longwall caving method to the unstable roof directly inclined thin ore body. The disadvantages of this method are: (1) the cost of ore is increased due to the consumption of a large amount of high-quality wood; and (2) the production efficiency drops sharply as the direct roof pressure increases. In response to this situation, the author put forward the proposal of new method of house and column separation mining method. The characteristics of the direct roof affect the size of the columns. In this method, the direct roof pressure is generally large and requires the maintenance of smaller mines and larger pillars; on the contrary, it is possible to increase the size of the pits and reduce the pillar size. The first recovery of the ore body in the column, and then back to fall directly to the roof to fill the empty area. According to the different ore body inclination, large-scale electric rakes or loaders are selected. The loader is suitable for below 15 ° and the large electric rake is suitable for more than 15 °. The advantages of this new method are: (1) no pit support; (2) high yield and low consumption; (3) high ore recovery rate.