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目的研究辛硫磷、甲基异柳磷和乙酰甲胺磷对新西兰家兔的急性毒性。方法选择160只4～5月龄清洁级雄性新西兰家兔,分别将辛硫磷(1.578～2.778 g/kg)、甲基异柳磷(0.011～0.015 g/kg)、乙酰甲胺磷(0.052～0.132 g/kg)按等差间距法设置5个剂量组;并设1个对照(三蒸水)组,每组10只。采用一次性灌胃法对新西兰家兔进行急性毒性试验,染毒容量为3 ml/kg。评价辛硫磷、甲基异柳磷和乙酰甲胺磷对新西兰家兔的急性致毒效应特征、药物间的致毒效果及其安全浓度。结果辛硫磷、甲基异柳磷和乙酰甲胺磷对新西兰家兔96 h的半致死浓度分别为2.458、0.011、0.085 g/kg,均呈现以蓄积作用为主导的急性致毒效应,安全剂量分别为0.246、0.001和0.009 g/kg,毒性依次为甲基异柳磷>乙酰甲胺磷>辛硫磷。结论辛硫磷对新西兰家兔属于低毒,乙酰甲胺磷属于中毒,甲基异柳磷属于高毒。
Objective To study the acute toxicity of phoxim, methyl isofenphos and acephate to New Zealand rabbits. Methods Totally 160 male New Zealand white rabbits, aged from 4 to 5 months, were selected to receive phoxim (1.578-2.777 g / kg), methylisofenosine (0.011-0.015 g / kg), acephate ~ 0.132 g / kg). Five dose groups were set according to the same interval method. One control group (three distilled water groups), 10 rats in each group, was set up. Acute gavage was performed on New Zealand rabbits by one-time gavage. The exposure capacity was 3 ml / kg. To evaluate the acute toxicity of phoxim, methyl isofenphos and acephate in New Zealand rabbits, the drug-induced toxicity and its safe concentration. Results The half lethal concentrations of phoxim, methyl isofenphyl and acephate in New Zealand rabbits at 96 h were 2.458, 0.011 and 0.085 g / kg, respectively. All of them showed the acute toxicity effect led by accumulation, The dosages were 0.246, 0.001 and 0.009 g / kg, respectively. The toxicities were methyl isofenphos> acephate> phoxim. Conclusion Phoxim is a virulent strain to New Zealand rabbits. Acephate is toxic and methyl isofenphos are highly toxic.